紙漿原材料的常識有哪些
紙漿原材料主要是以植物為(wei)原(yuan)材(cai)料,不同用(yong)途和不同等級的紙張(zhang)對紙漿質量有(you)各自的要求。無(wu)需選擇(ze)具(ju)有(you)較(jiao)好(hao)纖(xian)(xian)維形態和較(jiao)高纖(xian)(xian)維純度的紙漿。一(yi)般原(yuan)則是選擇(ze)一(yi)種能滿足一(yi)定(ding)紙張(zhang)生產和使用(yong)質量要求的紙張(zhang),也可以選擇(ze)比較(jiao)便宜的品種。
在生活中,可(ke)以說,木材是(shi)使(shi)用廣(guang)泛的(de)紙漿材料(liao)。紙漿中的(de)植(zhi)物纖維(wei)主(zhu)要來自木材,占世(shi)界植(zhi)物纖維(wei)的(de)93%。
常用的針葉木(mu)漿樹種(zhong)有:斯堪的納維亞松(song)(song)(song)、輻(fu)射(she)松(song)(song)(song)、南方松(song)(song)(song)、紅雪(xue)(xue)松(song)(song)(song)、小千松(song)(song)(song)、雪(xue)(xue)松(song)(song)(song)、鐵杉(shan)、白(bai)松(song)(song)(song)(白(bai)云杉(shan)、黑雪(xue)(xue)松(song)(song)(song)、道格(ge)拉斯松(song)(song)(song)、落葉松(song)(song)(song)、香(xiang)脂(zhi))冷(leng)杉(shan)松(song)(song)(song)、高(gao)山(shan)冷(leng)杉(shan)等(deng)。
常用的硬木(mu)紙漿品種有:桉樹(shu)(shu)、相(xiang)思樹(shu)(shu)、楊樹(shu)(shu)、樺樹(shu)(shu)、楓樹(shu)(shu)等(deng)。
除(chu)木(mu)漿外,紙(zhi)漿還包括非(fei)木(mu)漿和廢紙(zhi)漿。由竹(zhu)子、草等非(fei)木(mu)材(cai)纖維制成的稱為非(fei)木(mu)材(cai)紙(zhi)漿。大約30%的紙(zhi)制品可以作為二(er)次纖維回收,這(zhe)種二(er)次回收的統(tong)稱為廢紙(zhi)漿。
目(mu)前(qian),國內(nei)紙漿(jiang)原(yuan)材料供需情況是(shi)比較短缺的。因此,這(zhe)類(lei)紙漿(jiang)進口量相對較大(da)。